Harrow



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. M. POORE. HARROW, SEEDER, AND PLANTER No. 405,797. Patented June 25, 1889.

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J. M. POORE. EARROW, SEEDER, AND PLANTER.

No. 405,797. Patented June 25, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES M. POORE, OF SPRING VALLEY, MINNESOTA.

HARROW, SEEDER, AND PLANTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 405,797, dated June 25, 1889.

Application filed November 30, 1888. Serial No. 292,302. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES M. POORE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Spring Valley, in the county of Fillmore and State of Minnesota, have in vented a new and useful Improvement in a Combined Harrow, Seeder, and Smoother, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in a combined harrow, seeder, and smoother; and it consists in the peculiar construction and combination of devices that will be more fully set forth hereinafter, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved harrow, smoother, and seeder. Fig. 2 is a top plan view showing the smoother attached to a harrow, the seeder being omitted. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view of the seeder and smoother. Fig. I is a detailed view of the harrow. Fig. 5 is a detailed elevation of the seed-regulating device. Fig. 6 is a detailed top plan view of the seeder. Fig. 7 is a detail view showing the connection between the smoother-sections.

The harrow comprises a pair of sections arranged side by side, each section having a suitable number of transverse parallel beams A. The said beams are provided on their front and rear sides near their ends with plates B, which are bolted thereto, the said plates being each provided with two pairs of ears C, arranged one above the other, as shown. Parallel links D have their ends pivoted between the pairs of ears by means of pivotal bolts E, and thereby the harrow-beams are connected together, and are rendered capable of independent vertical motion to enable the harrow to conform to inequalities of the soil. The front harrow-beam of each section is provided at its center with a clevis F. The said clevises are provided with vertical series of adjusting-openings G.

H represents the tongue or pole, which has a transverse draw-bar I at its rear end, strengthened by bracerods K. Bolted on the rear side of the draft-bar, near the ends thereof, are plates L, having rearward-extending pairs of lugs M, which are adapted to engage the clevises F, and are pivotally connected thereto by means of bolts N, which are inserted through openings in the said ears and through either of the adjusting-openings in the clevises. \Vhen the lugs M are coupled to the upper ends of the clevises, the barrow-beams will be caused to tilt forward to the position illustrated in Fig. 4 when in operation, and thereby cause the harrowteeth 0 to incline rearward; but when the lugs N are coupled to the lower ends of the clevises the tendency of the draft will be to incline the harroW-teeth forward.

If it is desired to render the harrow-sections inflexible and to cause the teeth to work in a perpendicular position, this may be accomplished by placing rigid bars P longitudinally on the upper side of the harrowbeams and inserting them through keepers or straps R, with which certain of the harrowbeams are provided, as shown in Fi 2.

On the rear harrow-beams are bolted plates S, each of which has a rearward-extending ear T, provided with a vertical opening adapted to engage a hook-link attached to the front side of one of the smoother-sections U. saidsmoother-seetions are each composed of a pair of boards V, arranged at an obtuse angle, and transverse cleats WV, which are bolted on. the said boards and serve to secure them together. The inner ends of the smoother-sea tions are rabbeted, and thereby caused to overlap each other, and are connected together by links X, as shown, said links having their ends loosely attached to the said sections by bolts or other devices Y, and thereby rendering the smoother somewhat flexible.

It will be understood from the foregoing de scription that when the hooks of the smoother are attached to theharrow-section the smoother will be dragged in rear of the harrow, as shown in Fig. 2.

Z represents a pair of downward-converging seat-bars, which have their lower ends secured by bolts A and plates B on the upper sides of the central cleats of the smoothersections, and the said seat-bars support the seat 0' for the driver. By this arrangement the weight of the driver must be sustained by the smoother, and thereby the efficiency of the latter is increased. The central cleat of each smoother-section has at its front end a bar D, provided with an eye E.

F represents a hopper, which is provided The- 011 its rear side with a pair of downwardlyextending arms G, the lower ends'of which are bent at right angles and caused to engage the eyes E, and thereby pivotally connect the smoother to the hopper. On the rear side of the latter at its center is a rearward-projecting bracket H having a pair of plates I bolted on its upper and lower sides, and between the rear ends of the said plates is pivotally connected the frontend of a trailing bar K by means of a bolt L. A wheel M is arranged in a longitudinal opening in the rear end of the said bar .andis secured to a shaft N, mounted in suitable bearin gs, (not shown) such as will be readily understood,and to the outer end of the said shaft'is rigidly secured a spur-wheel O, which engages a crank-pinion P, the latter being journaled on a spindle R", that projects from the bar K A suitable shield S is secured to the said bar and arranged over the gears O and P to prevent M from dropping upon the said gears.

It-willbe understood by reference to Figs. 1 and 3 that the arms G, the wheel M, and bar K serve to support the hopper, and that the weight of the latter is borne by the smoother in addition to the weight of the driver. The bottom of the hopper and a plate or false bottom T, Wit-h which the same is provided, have vertically-aligned dischargeopenings U at suitable intervals, and between the bottom of the hopper and the false bottom T is arranged a cut-off or regulatingslide V, having openings X, which may be arranged coincident with the openings U, or caused to entirely or partly close the latter, in order to regulate the quantity of seed discharged from the hopper on a given area of land. The said slide V has an arm W ,which projects through a suitable slot in the rear side of the hopper, and the said arm has an opening which is engaged by the lower end of a lever Y, that is fulcrumed on the rear side of the hopper within convenient reach of the driver.

A plate Z is bolted on the rear side of the hopper and has a pivotal stud or bolt on which the lever Y is fulcrumed, as shown, and the said plate is provided with a quadrant shaped graduated scale A 13 represents an eccentric, which is journaled on a stud that projects from plate Z, has an arm or pointer 0 adapted to play on the graduated scale, and is further provided with a slot D which is concentric with the pivot. A set-screw E works in the slot D and engages a threaded opening in plate Z, and is thereby adapted to clamp the eccentric or cam to the said plate with its pointer or index arranged opposite any desired figure on the graduated scale. The said cam or eccentric is arranged in such proximity'to the lever Y that its eccentric edge forms a stop to limit the throw or movement of said lever, and consequently the adjustment of the slide V; hence by setting the hand of the cam at any desired predetermined point and by moving the hand-lever'Y until it comes in contactwith said eccentricorcam 'the planting apparatus may be so adjusted as to cause any desired quantity of seeds to be discharged therefrom over a given area of land.

Fulcrumed on ja bracket, F, that projects rearward from the center of the hopper, is a bell-crank lever G the outer end of which is connected by apitman H to a crank-pin on pinion R, and hence when the machine is in motion the rotation of the said pinion will impartreciprocating motion to the pitman,

and the latter will-impart oscillating motion to the'bell-crank lever.

1 represents a slide bar arranged longitudinally within the rear wall of the hopper and guided in a pair or any suitable number of keepers K. From the lower side of the said slide-bar depend a number of stirringarms L ,WhlCl1 correspond in numberwith the discharge-openings of the hopper, and are adapted to move backward and forward .over the same, and thereby cause the grain ground in groups and serving to distribute the seeds evenly on the soil. The harrow when coupled to the smoother, as shown in Fig. 1, serves to stir the soil, the planter drops the seeds thereon, and the smoother covers the seeds and rubs the surface of the soil smooth, thereby compacting the same, and hence tending to prevent the too rapid evaporation of the moisture in the soil, and consequently assisting in the speedy germination of the seeds.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. The combination of the barrow-beams having the ears 0 attached to and extending from their front and rear sides, near the ends, in pairs one above the other, with the links D, having their ends pivoted to the said ears, said links being arranged in parallel pairs, connecting the upper and lower ends of the beams, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the barrow-beams and the links arranged in pairs, as described, and coupling or connecting said beams flexibly together, of the longitudinally-arranged rigid stiffening-bars and the keepers secured on the harrow-beams and receiving said stiffening-bars, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of the smoother having forwardlyextending arms D, provided with eyes E, the hopper having the seed-stirring mechanism and provided with depending arms G, having inturned ends engaging the eyes E, the bar K, bolted between plates 11, extending rearwardly from the hopper, the trailing Wheel journaled in said bar, and mechanism for transmitting motion from said trailing Wheel to the seed mechanism, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of the harrow, the smoother connected to the rear end of the same and having plates D, provided with eyes E, the hopper having downwardly-extending arms provided with inturned ends engaging the eyes E, and a bar extending rearwardly from the hopper, and the trailing wheel journaled to said bar, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination of the smoother having the arms D, with eyes E, the hopper having the seed-stirring mechanism and the depending arms G, provided with hooks at their lower ends, the bar K, extending rearward from the hopper, the supporting-wheel journaled in said bar, and the gears and devices, substantially as set forth, connecting said wheels to the seed-stirring mechanism, the harrow arranged in advance of the smoother, and the hooked rods connecting the latter with the rear harroW-beam, substantially as described.

(3. The hopper having the discharge-openings and the cut-off plate with openings X and arm WV, in combination with a cam B forming a stop for said arm, and devices to secure the cam at any desired adjustment, substantially as described.

7. The hopper having the discharge-openings and the cut-off plate with openings X and arm WV, in combination with the cam or eccentric forming a stop for the said arm and provided with the hand or pointer, and the graduated scale, substantially as described.

8. The smoother-sections composed of a pair of boards V, arranged at an obtuse angle, and transverse cleats bolted on the said boards and serving to hold them together, as set forth. A

9. The smoother composed of sections U, having their inner meeting ends rabbeted, and thereby caused to overlap, and the links X, connecting these sections at the point where they overlap, as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in 5 5 presence of two Witnesses.

JAMES M. POORE.

\Vitnesses:

A. R. IIoLMoN, J. H. CLARK. 

